A Bahá'í Glossary
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Bahá'í Chronology - The Universal House of Justice - 173 B.E. (A.D. 2016-2017)
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< 172 B.E. | 174 B.E. >
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[ 24 Articles ]
• Ridván, 'Idál 13 Jalál 173 B.E.
• Ridván, Yawm al-Arba'ā' 12 Rajab
   A.H. 1437
• Ridván, Wednesday 20 April A.D. 2016
• Ridván, Yom Reviʻi 12 Nissan A.M. 5776
The launch of the Fourth Five Year Plan (2016-2021).
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• Kamál 18 Jalál 173 B.E.
• Yawm al-Ithnayn 17 Rajab A.H. 1437
• Monday 25 April A.D. 2016
• Yom Sheni 17 Nissan A.M. 5776
Mr. Hamed Bin Haydara, who has been imprisoned without trial since December 2013, was again brought to court for a hearing but the trial was again postponed, this time to 1 August 2017. Reports indicate that he has been sent to solitary confinement in the National Security Prison on the orders of Mr. Rajeh Zayed, the prosecutor who has caused the delays which have kept him in jail for more than three years and who has been mainly responsible for the arrest and persecution of Bahá'ís in Yemen. Mr. Rajeh Zayed also recently said he plans to delay Mr. Hamed Bin Haydara's court hearings and treatment until he “dies in jail.” He is suffering from serious health conditions that require proper medical attention. He stands accused of 'compromising the independence of the Republic of Yemen', including spreading the Bahá'í faith in the Republic of Yemen as well as "apostasy" (He has been a Bahá'í from birth.) and "insulting Islam". [BIC 30 Apr 2017]
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• Bahá / Jamál 173 B.E.
• Jumādá al-ākhirah / Rajab A.H. 1437
• April A.D. 2016
• Adar Beit / Nissan A.M. 5776
The passing of former member of the International Teaching Centre, Joy Stevenson (b. 1919) in Queanbeyan, Australia. She made a distinctive contribution to the advancement of Bahá'í communities in Australasia as a Counsellor and an Auxiliary Board member and as a member of the National Spiritual Assembly of Australia. [BWNS1103]
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• Istiqlál 3 Jamál 173 B.E.
• Yawm al-Jum'ah 21 Rajab A.H. 1437
• Friday 29 April A.D. 2016
• Yom Shishi 21 Nissan A.M. 5776
In observance of the eighth anniversary of the arrest and incarceration of seven Iranian Bahá'í leaders, the Bahá'í International Community is launching a global campaign calling for their immediate release. Taking the theme “Enough! Release the Bahá'í Seven,” the campaign will emphasize the fact that, under Iran's own national penal code, the seven are now overdue for conditional release. [Enough!]
  • A special campaign page has been established with information about their current legal situation and other resources. [Enough! Release the Bahá'í Seven].
  • The campaign includes an account on FaceBook.
  • and a Twitter handle. The hashtag for the campaign is: #ReleaseBahai7Now.
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• Jalál 11 Jamál 173 B.E.
• Yawm as-Sabt 29 Rajab A.H. 1437
• Saturday 7 May A.D. 2016
• Yom Shabbat 29 Nissan A.M. 5776
The passing of Jenabe Esslemont Caldwell, 89 in Wailuku, Hawaii. (b. August 7, 1926 in Butte, Montana). He and his wife Elaine were named Knights of Bahá'u'lláh for pioneering to the Aleutian Islands in July, 1953 where they started a king crab and salmon cannery. They sponsored the Bahá'í singing group Windflower that toured Europe, including the United Kingdom, in the 1980s. He was the author of the books: The Story of the Bab & Baha'u'llah,From Night to Knight, Follow the Instructions and Reflections. He is well-known for his mass teaching successes. [Bahaikipedia]
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• Istijlál 16 Jamál 173 B.E.
• Yawm al-Khamīs 4 Sha'bān A.H. 1437
• Thursday 12 May A.D. 2016
• Yom Chamishi 4 Iyar A.M. 5776
In commemoration of the incarceration of the Yaran in Iran in 2008 the International Bahá'í Community (BIC) releases a video entitled Enough! Release the Bahá'í Seven Now.
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• Istiqlál 17 Jamál 173 B.E.
• Yawm al-Jum'ah 5 Sha'bān A.H. 1437
• Friday 13 May A.D. 2016
• Yom Shishi 5 Iyar A.M. 5776
Fariba Kamalabadi, while on a five-day furlough from Evin Prison, meets with former Tehran MP Faezeh Hashemi. It is the first temporary leave she has been granted during her eight years of imprisonment.

Faezeh Hashemi is the activist daughter of former President Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani and she previously shared a prison cell with Kamalabadi in Evin Prison. Hashemi is strongly condemned by politicians and religious leaders. A high-ranking member of the Iranian Judiciary vows that action will be taken against her. Despite the widespread criticism she has received from powerful quarters in Iran, Faezeh Hashemi publicly defends her decision to meet with Kamalabadi. [Iran Press Watch, from NY Times, BWNS1108]

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• Jamál 7 `Aẓamat 173 B.E.
• Yawm al-Aḥad 14 Sha'bān A.H. 1437
• Sunday 22 May A.D. 2016
• Yom Rishon 14 Iyar A.M. 5776
Some 700 people gathered on the temple land in the small village of Agua Azul, in the municipality of Villa Rica near Norte del Cauca, Colombia to participate in the groundbreaking ceremony of the first local Bahá'íHouse of Worship. [BWNS1109]
  • See BWNS1100 for pictures.
  • Following the groundbreaking ceremony the three-meter high central mound on which the 18-meter tall Temple will stand will be completed, and the foundational work for the surrounding auxiliary structures will be laid. In time, these structures will be painted in the bright colors traditional to buildings in Colombia.
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• Kamál 8 / Fidál 9 `Aẓamat 173 B.E.
• Yawm al-Ithnayn 15 /
   Yawm ath-Thulāthā' 16 Sha'bān 
   A.H. 1437
• Monday 23 / Tuesday 24 May A.D. 2016
• Yom Sheni 15 / Yom Shlishi 16 Iyar
   A.M. 5776
The first World Humanitarian Summit is held in Istanbul, Turkey. The summit, organized by the United Nations, called on government leaders as well as those from business, aid agencies, civil society and faith-based organizations to consult on the question of disaster relief. A statement released by the Bahá'í International Community (BIC) for the occasion, titled "Rising Together: Building the Capacity to Recover from Within" is available at their website.
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• 'Idál 11 Kamál 173 B.E.
• Yawm al-Arba'ā' 16 Dhū al-Qa'dah
   A.H. 1437
• Wednesday 10 August A.D. 2016
• Yom Reviʻi 6 Av A.M. 5776
Armed, officers masked in balaclavas from Yemen's National Security Bureau (NSB) intelligence agency, which works hand in hand with the armed Houthi authorities, (also knowns as Anṣár Allah) stormed a Bahá'í youth educational workshop in Sana'a. The event was part of a nine day, cross country moral and educational program for Bahá'í youth organized by the Bahá'í-run Nida Foundation for Development. Sixty-five people were arrested including 14 women and six people under 18 without an arrest warrant. Half were Bahá'ís and, currently, it is believed some fourteen remain in prison, including young mothers. Further arrests were carried out later and within a week all but 10 of those who had been incarcerated had been released.

Among those detained are Nadim Tawfiq Al-Sakkaf, (British Council's country manager in Yemen), his brother Nader Tawfiq Al-Sakkaf and Kaiwan Mohamed Ali Qadri. [UN Human Rights 4 Oct 2016, BWNS1118, publicaffairs.bahai.us, UN Human Rights, Defending Bahá'í Rights facebook page]
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• Fidál 19 Asmá' 173 B.E.
• Yawm ath-Thulāthā' 3 Dhū al-Ḥijjah
   A.H. 1437
• Tuesday 6 September A.D. 2016
• Yawm ath-Thulāthā' 3 Elul A.M. 5776
In a letter the BIC calls on Iranian President Rouhani to end systematic economic oppression. The letter signed by Bani Dugal, Principal Representative of the Bahá'í International Community to the United Nations, draws attention to the stark contradiction between statements espoused by the Iranian government regarding economic justice, equality for all and reducing unemployment on one hand, and the unrelenting efforts to impoverish a section of its own citizens on the other.
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• Istiqlál 10 `Izzat 173 B.E.
• Yawm al-Jum'ah 13 Dhū al-Ḥijjah
   A.H. 1437
• Friday 16 September A.D. 2016
• Yom Shishi 13 Elul A.M. 5776
For a progress report on the construction of the Local House of Worship in Battanbang, Cambodia see BWNS1120
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• Kamál 1 Mas̲h̲íyyat 173 B.E.
• Yawm al-Ithnayn 23 Dhū al-Ḥijjah
   A.H. 1437
• Monday 26 September A.D. 2016
• Yom Sheni 23 Elul A.M. 5776
The murder of Farhang Amiri in Yazd. BWNS1133
  • See also Iran Wire4167.
  • In a message from the Universal House of Justice to the Bahá'ís in Iran dated the 19th of October, 2016, it states
    "
    And at the age of sixty-three, that pure soul, that radiant and magnanimous soul, offered up his life in absolute meekness, hoisted the ensign of martyrdom and attained his Beloved's presence in the realms above, and in the Abha Kingdom joined the company of the other martyrs of this Faith--among whom number his own noble father and six other relatives who, sixty-one years ago in Hurmuzak, near Yazd, sacrificed their lives in the path of the Blessed Beauty.
    "

  • A group of extremists murdered Amiri's father, Hedayatollah Daftari, and six others in the village of Hormozak in Yazd province more than 60 years ago. At the time, Farhang was 13 months old. See entry for July 28th, 1955 for The Seven Martyrs of Hurmuzak.
  • See a paper by Kamyar Behrang entitled "Extrajudicial killings supported by law and Islamic jurisprudence" for an explanation of how a Bahá'í might be murdered with near impunity in Iran.
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• Fidál 16 Mas̲h̲íyyat 173 B.E.
• Yawm ath-Thulāthā' 9 Muḥarram
   A.H. 1438
• Tuesday 11 October A.D. 2016
• Yom Shlishi 9 Tishri A.M. 5777
The final newsreel on the construction of the Bahá'í House of Worship for South America has been released as the highly-anticipated dedication of the Temple approaches. The video highlights major developments over the past year and the growing connection of the community to the Temple and the activities of service and worship that it has inspired. [Video][Architect Siamak Hariri]
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• Istijlál 18 Mas̲h̲íyyat / Jamál 2 `Ilm
   173 B.E.

• Yawm al-Khamīs 11 / Yawm al-Aḥad 14
   Muḥarram  A.H. 1438
• Thursday 13 / Sunday 16 October
   A.D. 2016
• Yom Chamishi 11 / Yom Rishon 14 Tishri
    A.M. 5777
The public dedication of the Mother Temple of South America in Santiago, Chile. The opening ceremonies were attended by over 5,000 people from 110 countries. Live video coverage of the public opening ceremony was provided on the Bahá'í World News Service website for approximately 90 minutes and the video recording has been made available at that website.

The Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (Dawning-Point of God's Remembrance) is located outside of Santiago in Peñalolen, a commune whose name means "reunion of brothers" in the local language. [BWNS1128].

The temple was built in the foothills of the Andes, between mountains and city. The 2,415 square-metre edice (26,000-square-feet) is essentially one large room with nine doors made of bronze. The interior is surrounded by a dome that is made up of nine elements - called petals. These begin wide at the bottom of the building and then narrow upward to meet in a spiral at the top, separated by crescent-shaped windows and a round window at the top. The outer surfaces of these petals are made of 32-millimetre-thick panels of cast glass, which have a ruddy, milky quality to them; the inner surfaces are made of smooth Portuguese marble. Both layers are translucent. Each of the nine wings of the building has two surfaces - one of cast glass and one of stone both of which rest on the steel structure. Each of those two surfaces has more than 1,000 separate components in more than 150 different shapes categorized as droops, slumps, bullnoses, shoulders, elbows, or spines. Each piece, which had to be crafted in three dimensions, was shaped using digital models. [BWNS1126]

Quick Facts
Location: Santiago, Chile
Foundation Stone:
Construction Period: 2013 - October 2016
Site Dedication:13-16 October 2016
Architect Siamak Hariri
Landscape Architect; Juan Grimm
Seating: 600
Dimensions: 2,415 square-metre (26,000 square-feet)
Cost: approximately $30m
Dependencies:
References: BWNS800, BWNS921, BWNS940, BWNS959, BWNS982, BWNS1123, BWNS1125, BWNS1055, BWNS1199
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• 'Idál 12 `Ilm 173 B.E.
• Yawm al-Arba'ā' 24 Muḥarram A.H. 1438
• Wednesday 26 October A.D. 2016
• Yom Reviʻi 24 Tishri A.M. 5777
The report from the offices of the Bahá'í International Community entitled The Bahá'í Question Revisited: Persecution and Resilience in Iran was formally released.
  • The full report can be read on-line here.
  • A list of resolutions by the United Nations and United Nations bodies that reference the situation of Bahá'ís in Iran since 1980 can be found at this location.
  • An annex to The Bahá'í Question Revisited is the report called "Inciting Hatred". It is an analysis of approximately 400 anti-Bahá'í articles, broadcasts, and webpages from late December 2009 through May 2011 and can be found here.
  • A list of the 222 Bahá'ís who have been killed in Iran since 1978 can be read here.
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• Istijlál 3 Qawl 173 B.E.
• Yawm al-Khamīs 23 Ṣafar A.H. 1438
• Thursday 24 November A.D. 2016
• Yom Chamishi 23 Cheshvan A.M. 5777
From her cell in Evin prison, In a open letter to her six-month old granddaughter, Bajar. Fariba Kamalabadi one of the members of the imprisoned Yaran of Iran, writes about the suffering of the Bahá'í citizens and of her dreams for humanity. [Iran Press Watch 16140]
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• Istiqlál 4 Qawl 173 B.E.
• Yawm al-Jum'ah 24 Ṣafar A.H. 1438
• Friday 25 November A.D. 2016
• Yom Shishi 24 Cheshvan A.M. 5777
In a message addressed to the Bahá'ís of the World on of the Day of the Covenant, the Universal House of Justice marked the beginning of a new five-year term of service for the Auxiliary Board Members and announced an augmentation in the number of members by 144 bringing the total to 1,134 members distributed evenly between the Propagation and the Protection Boards.

In the same message it announced plans for a series of conferences called by the International Teaching Centre where the Auxiliary Board Members would be assisted in the deepening of their understanding of the spiritual nature of their work and the wide-ranging responsibilities they will shoulder.

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• Jamál 6 Qawl 173 B.E.
• Yawm al-Aḥad 26 Ṣafar A.H. 1438
• Sunday 27 November A.D. 2016
• Yom Rishon 26 Cheshvan A.M. 5777
Nadim al-Sakkaf and his brother Nader, who were detained from August 10th, are unexpectedly released from prison in Sana'a. Their release, it is believed, was in no small part due to the relentless advocacy of their wives Ruhiyeh al-Sakkaf and Nafheh al-Sakkaf. Their friend Kaiwan Mohamed Ali Qadri, who was arrested in the same raid, remains in custody. [Religion News Service 20161129]

Photos of the four can be found on the same page.

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• S̲h̲araf / Sulṭán 173 B.E.
• Rabī' ath-thānī A.H. 1438
• January A.D. 2017
• Tevet A.M. 5777
The publication of Training Institutes: Attaining a Higher Level of Functioning by the International Teaching Centre.
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• 'Idál 1 Sulṭán 173 B.E.
• Yawm al-Arba'ā' 19 Rabī' ath-thānī
   A.H. 1438
• Wednesday 18 January A.D. 2017
• Yom Reviʻi 20 Tevet A.M. 5777
The announcement of the publication of Days of Remembrance: Selections from the Writings of Baha'u'llah for Bahá'í Holy Days by the Bahá'í World Centre. It is also made available in electonic format from Bahá'í Reference Library at Days of Remembrance: Selections from the Writings of Baha'u'llah for Bahá'í Holy Days. [BWNS1148]
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• 'Idál 10 Mulk 173 B.E.
• Yawm al-Arba'ā' 18 Jumādá al-ūlá
   A.H. 1438
• Wednesday 15 February A.D. 2017
• Yom Reviʻi s 19 Shevat A.M. 5777
The Bahá'í International Community (BIC) announces the launch of a website for the Bahá'ís of Iran at Bahaisofiran.org. "Although the official website of the worldwide Bahá'í community has recently been made available in Persian and a number of other languages, the new "Bahá'ís of Iran" website is the first website of the Bahá'í community of Iran. This development is especially important at a time when a large volume of anti-Bahá'í propaganda has proliferated in that country. Since 2013 alone, more than 20,000 such pieces have been disseminated in Iran's media." [BWNS1152, The Bahá'í Question Revisited]
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• Istijlál 18 Mulk 173 B.E.
• Yawm al-Khamīs 26 Jumādá al-ūlá
   A.H. 1438
• Thursday 23 February A.D. 2017
• Yom Chamishi 27 Shevat A.M. 5777
Plans for the construction of the local Bahá'í House of Worship in Agua Azul, a village in Norte del Cauca, Colombia, have recently reached an important milestone. Construction officially began in January after building contracts were formalized with a local firm in the region. [BWNS1153]

Concurrent with the building the House of Worship has been the reinforcement of activities that contribute to the spiritual and material progress of communities in and around Norte del Cauca. Inspired by the Temple, these community-building activities have multiplied, and a spirit of prayer, devotion, and participation has begun to increasingly permeate the area.

Parallel to this, the community has been undertaking a reforestation project, designated for a "Bosque Nativo" or native forest on an 11-hectare piece of land adjacent to the Temple site to reintroduce native vegetation which has been decimated by years of monoculture plantations of sugarcane.

  • For pictures see BWNS1153
  • For development report dated the 14th of May, 2017 see BWNS1168.
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• Istiqlál 3 `Alá' 173 B.E.
• Yawm al-Jum'ah 4 Jumādá al-ūlá
   A.H. 1438
• Friday 3 March A.D. 2017
• Yom Shishi 5 Adar A.M. 5777
The publication of Toward Prosperity The Role of Women and Men in Building a Flourishing World Civilization, the Bahá'í International Community's contribution to the 61st United Nations Commission on the Status of Women which took place at the United Nations Headquarters in New York from 13 to 24 March 2017 as a follow-up to the Fourth World Conference on Women and to the twenty-third special session of the General Assembly entitled “Women 2000: gender equality, development and peace for the twenty-first century”. [BIC Statements]
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[ABBC Online]
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< 172 B.E. | 174 B.E. >
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Most of the Gregorian Calendar dates, A.H. 1166 (A.D. 1753) to 153 B.E (A.D. 1996), are from the original book, A Basic Bahá'í Chronology. From 153 B.E (A.D. 1996) to present the Gregorian Calendar dates are from A Basic Bahá'í Chronology online. The Hebrew, Islamic and Bahá'í dates were calculated by the ABG staff and may be subject to error, despite the great care that was taken. When the Gregorian date is "In the year", "c. Mar 1797", etc., we list the nearest approximate Hebrew, Islamic and Bahá'í dates.
 
Notes:
  • The dates in the left column do not always match the dates in the text. This is due to the plethora of calculations and calculators available. We use the calendar conversions from Calendar Home - Convert a date.
  • Continuous time periods, e.g., Monday thru Friday or June thru August, are annotated as Monday / Friday and June / August rather than Monday-Friday and June-August in all four calendars. This is to avoid confusion with Islamic days and months which contain a hyphen (or dash), e.g. Yawm ath-Thulatha', Jumadá al-akhirah.
  • Date Format = Day of the Week Name, Day of the Month Number, Month Name, Year Number -
  • c. = circa - meaning: "Around, round about, about. The prep. is often used in Eng. with dates, as circa 1400 (c 1400)." (Oxford English Dictionary)
  • Items with a greenish background are publications 
[ABG]
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A Bahá'í Glossary
 
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