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[ 26 Articles ] |
• Spring 7 B.E.
• Spring A.H. 1266
• Spring A.D. 1850
• Spring A.M. 5610 |
The house of Vaḥíd in Yazd is
attacked by crowds and pillaged. The crowd is dispersed by Mullá
Muḥammad-Riḍá. Vaḥíd leaves Yazd. [BW18:381; DB466-75] |
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• c. Kamál 16 Jamál /
Istijlál 3 S̲h̲araf 7 B.E.
• c. Yawm al-Ithnayn 1 Rajab A.H. 1266 /
Yawm al-Khamīs 28 Ṣafar A.H. 1267
• c. Monday 13 May A.D.1850 /
Thursday 2 Jan A.D. 1851
• c. Yom Sheni 2 Sivan A.M. 5610
Yom Chamishi 28 Tevet A.M. 5611 |
Zanján upheaval. A quarrel among children escalates into opposition and hostility towards Ḥujjat. [B185; DB540-1]
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• Istijlál 19 Jamál 7 B.E.
• Yawm al-Khamīs 4 Rajab A.H. 1266
• Thursday 16 May A.D.1850
• Yom Chamishi 5 Sivan A.M. 5610 |
Martyrdom of S̲h̲ayk̲h̲ Muḥammad-i-Túb-Chí in Zanján, the first of the martyrs. [BBR115; DB542-3] |
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• Jamál 3 `Aẓamat 7 B.E.
• Yawm al-Aḥad 7 Rajab A.H. 1266
• Sunday 19 May A.D.1850
• Yom Rishon 8 Sivan A.M. 5610 |
The Governor sends a mob against
Ḥujjat, which is dispersed by Mír Ṣaláḥ. The Governor sends to Ṭihrán
for reinforcements and the town Zanján is split into two camps.
[BW18:381]
- See BBD245 and GPB45 for the story of Zaynab, the Bábí woman who dressed as a man and defended the barricades.
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• Kamál 11 `Aẓamat /
Istiqlál 17 Núr 7 B.E.
• Yawm al-Aḥad 15 Rajab /
Yawm as-Sabt 10 Sha'bān A.H. 1266
• Thursday 27 May / 21 June A.D.1850
• Yom Rishon 16 Sivan /
Yom Shabbat 11 Tammuz A.M. 5610 |
First Nayríz upheaval.
Vahíd travels from Yazd towards S̲h̲íráz, eventually coming to Nayríz. He goes to the Mosque of Jum‘ih where he ascends the pulpit and proclaims the Cause of God. The Governor makes moves against him and Vahíd orders his companions to occupy the fort of K̲h̲ájih. The siege that follows lasts a month. [B178, 204–5; BBR109–13; BW18:381]
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• c. `Aẓamat / Ráḥmat 7 B.E.
• c. Rajab / Sha'bān A.H. 1266
• c. June A.D.1850
• c. Sivan / Tammuz A.M. 5610 |
Mírzá Taqí K̲h̲án determines
to execute the Báb to halt the progress of His religion. On his orders
the Báb is taken from Chihríq to Tabríz. [B152; BBR76-7; GPB51]
- His guard takes Him on a circuitous, much longer route through
Urúmíyyih where His presence is noted by American missionaries. [B152;
BBR73, 76]
- Forty days before the Báb was to leave Chihríq He
collected all His documents, Tablets, pen cases, seals and His agate
rings, and put them in a coffer. He entrusted it to Mullá Báqir, one of
the Letters of the Living, and instructed him to deliver it to His
secretary. The secretary is instructed to proceed to Ṭihrán to deliver
the box to 'Jináb-i-Bahá', that is, Bahá'u'lláh. [B151-2; DB504-5;
TN25-6]
- When the box is opened they find a Tablet in the form
of a pentacle with 500 verses consisting of derivatives of the word
'Bahá'. [B151-2; DB504-5; TN25-6]
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• Kamál 13 Núr 7 B.E.
• Yawm al-Ithnayn 6 Sha'bān A.H. 1266
• Monday 17 June A.D.1850
• Yom Sheni 7 Tammuz A.M. 5610 |
At Nayríz, Vaḥíd receives a message
from the Governor offering a truce and a promise of safety written on
the Qur'án. He, together with five attendants, leaves the fortress and
is received into the camp of his enemies where he is entertained with
great ceremony for three days. [B180-1; BW18:381] |
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• Istiqlál 17 Núr 7 B.E.
• Yawm al-Jum'ah 10 Sha'bān A.H. 1266
• Friday 21 June A.D.1850
• Yom Shishi 11 Tammuz A.M. 5610 |
End of the first Nayríz upheaval. [BBRXXIX, 112]
- Vaḥíd is forced to write to his companions in the fortress to assure
them that a settlement has been reached. The Bábís leave the fort, are
set upon and killed. [B181; BW18;381]
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• Kamál 1 Ráḥmat 7 B.E.
• Yawm al-Ithnayn 13 Sha'bān A.H. 1266
• Monday 24 June A.D.1850
• Yom Sheni 14 Tammuz A.M. 5610 |
The severed heads of 13 Bábís arrive in S̲h̲íráz from Nayríz. They are raised on lances and paraded through the town. [B182; BW18:381] |
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• Jalál 6 Ráḥmat 7 B.E.
• Yawm as-Sabt 18 Sha'bān A.H. 1266
• Saturday 29 June A.D.1850
• Yom Shabbat 19 Tammuz A.M. 5610 |
Vaḥíd is martyred in Nayríz. [B182; BW18:381; DB495, 499; GPB42; RB1:265]
- See DB494 for details of his martyrdom.
- His body is dragged through the streets to the accompaniment of drums and cymbals. [RB1:265]
- See SDH13 for a respectful opinion of Vaḥíd expressed by an enemy of
the Cause, one of the army chiefs who had fought against Vaḥíd.
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At some point near the end of His
life The Báb consigns His remaining papers, His seal, His qalam-dán
(pencil-box) and His last Tablets to Mírzá 'Abdu'l-Karím Qazvíní with
instructions to deliver them to Mírzá Ḥusayn-'Alí Núrí should something
happen to Himself. In HIs last Tablets, Mírzá Ḥusayn-'Aií Núrí was
referred to again and again as "Him Whom God shall make Manifest" also,
He was referred to as "Bahá'u'lláh". [CH49) |
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The Báb arrives in Tabríz. [BBR76]
- BBRXXIX says He arrived on 19 June.
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• Kamál 15 Ráḥmat 7 B.E.
• Yawm al-Ithnayn 27 Sha'bān A.H. 1266
• Monday 8 July A.D.1850
• Yom Sheni 28 Tammuz A.M. 5610 |
The Báb, divested of His turban and
sash, is taken on foot to the barracks in Tabríz. Mírzá
Muḥammad-'Alíy-i-Zunúzí, Anís, throws himself at the feet of the Báb and
asks to go with Him. [B153; DB507]
- That night the Báb
asks that one of His companions kill Him, rather than let Him die at the
hands of His enemies. Anís offers to do this but is restrained by the
others. The Báb promises that Anís will be martyred with Him. [B154-5;
DB507-8]
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• Fidál 16 Ráḥmat 7 B.E.
• Yawm ath-Thulāthā' 28 Sha'bān
A.H. 1266
• Tuesday 9 July A.D.1850
• Yom Shlishi 29 Tammuz A.M. 5610 |
Martyrdom of the Báb
In the morning the Báb is taken to the homes of the leading clerics to obtain the death-warrants. [B155; DB508]
- The warrants are already prepared. [B155-6; DB510]
- Anís's stepfather tries to persuade him to change his mind.
Anís's young son is also brought to 'soften his heart' but Anís's
resolve remains unshaken. [B156-7; DB509-10]
At noon the Báb and Anís are suspended on a wall in the square in front
of the citadel of Tabríz in Sarbazkhaneh Square. They are shot by 750
soldiers in three ranks of 250 men. [B157; DB512]
- When the smoke clears the Báb is gone and Anís is standing,
unharmed, under the nail from which they were suspended. The Báb, also
unhurt, is found back in his cell completing His dictation to His
secretary. [B157-8; DB512-13]
- See BBD200-1 and DB510-12, 514 for the story of Sám K̲h̲án, the Christian colonel of the Armenian regiment which was ordered to execute the Báb.
The Báb and Anís are suspended a second time. A new regiment, the
Násirí, has been found to undertake the execution. After the volley, the
bodies of the Báb and Anís are shattered. [B158; DB514]- See BBR77-82 for Western accounts of the event.
- The face of the Báb is untouched. [B158]
- At the moment the shots are fired a gale sweeps the city,
stirring up so much dust that the city remains dark from noon until
night. [B158; DB515]
- See CH239 and DH197 for the story of the phenomenon of the two sunsets.
At night, the bodies are thrown onto the edge of the moat surrounding
the city. Soldiers stand guard over them and, nearby; two Bábís,
feigning madness, keep vigil. [B159; TN27] |
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• 'Idál 17 Ráḥmat 7 B.E.
• Yawm al-Arba'ā' 29 Sha'bān A.H. 1266
• Wednesday 10 July A.D.1850
• Yom Reviʻi 1 Av A.M. 5610 |
The Russian Consul has an artist make a sketch of the body of the Báb. [B159; DB518; TN28]
- See BBR43 for details of the drawing made by Consul Bakulin.
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• Istijlál 18 Ráḥmat 7 B.E.
• Yawm al-Khamīs 1 Ramaḍān A.H. 1266
• Thursday 11 July A.D.1850
• Yom Chamishi 2 Av A.M. 5610 |
The bodies are removed from the moat and taken to a silk factory. [B159-60; DB519]
- See B159-60, DB518-22 and TN27-8 for the story of the recovery of the bodies.
- The soldiers report that the bodies have been eaten by dogs. [B160; DB519]
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• Ráḥmat / Kalimát 7 B.E.
• Sha'bān / Ramaḍān A.H. 1266
• July A.D.1850
• Tammuz / Av A.M. 5610 |
The Faith of the Báb has spread to two countries at this point, Iran and Iraq. [MBW147]
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• c. Kamál / Asmá' 7 B.E.
• c. Ramaḍān / Shawwāl A.H. 1266
• c. August A.D.1850
• c. Av / Elul A.M. 5610 |
Mullá Abu'l-Ḥasan-i-Ardikání (Ḥájí Amín), Hand of the Cause, becomes a Bábí. |
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• Jamál 6 Asmá' 7 B.E.
• Yawm al-Aḥad 16 Shawwāl A.H. 1266
• Sunday 25 August A.D.1850
• Yom Rishon 17 Elul A.M. 5610 |
The arrival of 'Azíz K̲h̲án-i-Mukrí,
commander-in-chief of Iran's army, in Zanján where the fighting begun
in May continues. He takes charge of the operation. [BBR119; BW18:382;
DB556]
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• Istijlál 7 Mas̲h̲íyyat 7 B.E.
• Yawm al-Khamīs 26 Dhū al-Qa'dah
A.H. 1266
• Thursday 3 October A.D.1850
• Yom Chamishi 27 Tishri A.M. 5610 |
Two of Vaḥíd's companions are executed in S̲h̲íráz. |
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• `Ilm / Masá'il 7 B.E.
• Dhū al-Ḥijjah A.H.1266 / Ṣafar A.D. 1267
• November / December A.D.1850
• Cheshvan A.M. 5610 / Tevet A.M. 5611 |
Muḥammad K̲h̲án, the commander
of the government forces at Zanján, tries to deceive Ḥujjat into
surrender by drawing up a peace proposal. Ḥujjat, recalling Ṭabarsí and
Nayríz, responds by sending children and old men to Muḥammad K̲h̲án, who has them thrown into a dungeon. This signals the beginning of the final month-long siege at Zanján. [B186-7; DB564-8] |
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• late Qawl 7 B.E.
• late Muḥarram A.H. 1267
• early December A.D.1850
• Kislev A.M.5610 |
Ḥujjat is wounded in the arm. His
companions lay down their arms and rush to his assistance. The royal
forces take advantage of the lull to breach the fortifications. [B187;
BBR121; DB569]
- About 100 women and children are taken
captive. They are left exposed in the open for 15 days without food,
shelter or appropriate clothing. [BBR121; DB569-70]
- The remaining Bábís, about 140, shelter in Ḥujjat's residence under fierce attack. [BBR121]
The bombardment of the fortress is stepped-up and Ḥujjat's house
particularly targeted. Ḥujjat's wife and baby are killed. [B187;
DB572-3] |
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• Jamál 18 Masá'il 7 B.E.
• Yawm al-Aḥad 24 Ṣafar A.H. 1267
• Sunday 29 December A.D.1850
• Yom Rishon 24 Tevet A.M.5611 |
Ḥujjat dies of his wounds. [B187; BBR122; BW18:382]
- DB573 says this was on 8 January 1851.
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• In the year 7 / 8 B.E.
• In the year A.H. 1267 / 1268
• In the year A.D.1851
• In the year A.M. 5611 / 5612 |
Mullá Zaynu'l-'Abidín (Zaynu'l-Muqarrabín), a prominent mujtahid, becomes a Bábí, in Najafábád. |
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• Istijlál 3 S̲h̲araf 7 B.E.
• Yawm al-Khamīs 28 Ṣafar A.H. 1267
• Thursday 2 January A.D.1851
• Yom Chamishi 28 Tevet A.M. 5611 |
End of the Zanján upheaval. [BW18:382]
- Ḥujjat, wounded in the right arm by a bullet 19 days
previously, succumbed to his wounds. With the death of Ḥujjat the Bábí resistance weakens. A general assault by the royal forces ends the
siege. [B187; BBR122; BW18:382; DB573-4]
- See B187 and DB574-7 for the fate of the survivors.
- See B187 and DB577-9 for the fate of Ḥujjat's body.
- About 1,800 Bábís were killed during the upheaval. [DB580, 598]
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• Jamál 1 `Alá' 7 B.E.
• Yawm al-Aḥad 28 Rabī' ath-thānī
A.H. 1267
• Sunday 2 March A.D.1851
• Yom Rishon 28 Adar Beit A.M. 5611 |
Four Bábís brought from Zanján are executed in Ṭihrán. [BW18:382] |
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