A Bahá'í Glossary - Bahá'í Chronology - 117 B.E. (A.D. 1960-1961)

Bahá'í Chronology - The Interregnum - 117 B.E. (A.D. 1960-1961)

	[ 28 Articles ]
• 117 B.E. • A.H. • c. Riḍván A.D. 1960 • A.M.	Hand of the Cause Charles Mason Remey claims he is the second, ‘hereditary' Guardian of the Bahá'í Faith. [BW13:397; BW16:90; SS49] See MC205–6, 231–6 for details of Remey's claims. See also BBRSM130-1, 138–9; CB386–91; MC196–217, 223–8; SBBH1:220, NOTE 207.
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • Riḍván A.D. 1960 • A.M.	The Custodians announce that the Bahá'í Faith is represented in over 256 territories and is established in over 5,800 localities; there are 31 national spiritual assemblies and nearly 1,500 local spiritual assemblies; and Bahá'í literature is in 268 languages. [Mc183–96]
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • 27 April A.D. 1960 • A.M.	The International Bahá'í Council by unanimous vote rejects the claim of Charles Mason Remey to be the second Guardian. [MC206–7]
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • 28 April A.D. 1960 • A.M.	The Custodians call upon all believers to join the Hands in repudiation of the claims of Charles Mason Remey to be the second Guardian. [MC196–7]
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • 30 April / 10 May A.D. 1960 • A.M.	Twenty–four national spiritual assemblies and five national conventions send messages of support to the Custodians, repudiating the claim made by Charles Mason Remey to be the second Guardian. [MC199–202] The National Spiritual Assembly of France votes to recognize the claim. [MC203]
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • 5 May A.D. 1960 • A.M.	Hand of the Cause Abu'l-Qásim Faizí is sent by the Custodians to France to meet with the National Spiritual Assembly and Bahá'ís of France. [MC197] After consultation, five members of the assembly continue to support Charles Mason Remey in his claim to be the second Guardian and resign from the assembly. The national assembly is dissolved. [MC203]
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • 12 / 31 May A.D. 1960 • A.M.	Six national spiritual assemblies send messages of support to the Custodians, repudiating the claim made by Charles Mason Remey to be the second Guardian. [MC207–8]
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • 13 May A.D. 1960 • A.M.	The International Bahá'í Council writes to the Custodians recording its decision taken on 27 April to reject the claims of Charles Mason Remey to be the second Guardian. [Mc206–7]
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • 17 / 18 May A.D. 1960 • A.M.	The Bahá'í International Community attends a meeting called by the United Nations Office of Public Information to discuss problems of cooperation ‘with the United Nations family insofar as its programme affects the new nations'. The Bahá'í statement regarding this becomes part of the conference record. [BW13:792] For text of statement see BW13:792–4.
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • 1 July A.D. 1960 • A.M.	Ben and Louise Whitecow (early Peigan believers) marry in Calgary, Alberta, the first Bahá'ís in Canada to have a legally recognized Bahá'í marriage. [BW13:687]
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • 12 July A.D. 1960 • A.M.	Horace Hotchkiss Holley, Hand of the Cause of God, passes away in Haifa. (b. 7 April, 1887 in Torrington, CT) [MC226-227, BW13:849] Shoghi Effendi had appointed him among the first contingent on the 24th of December, 1951. [MoCxxiii] For his obituary see BW13:849–858. For cable from the Hands of the Cause see MC217–18. See also SBR214-247, LoF253-264 and Holley, Horace Hotchkiss by R. Jackson Armstrong-Ingram. His publications Bahaism: The Modern Social Religion, Religion for Mankind, World Unity, Bahai, The Spirit of the Age, Baha'i Scriptures; Selections from the Utterances of Bahaʼuʼllah and Abdul Baha, Read-aloud Plays, Divinations and Creation, The World Economy of Baháʼuʼlláh, The Inner Garden; A Book of Verse .
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • 26 July A.D. 1960 • A.M.	The Hands of the Cause of God declare Charles Mason Remey a Covenant-breaker. [BBRSM221; MC224–5]
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • August A.D. 1960 • A.M.	All Bahá'í activity in Egypt is prohibited by Presidential Decree No 263 issued by President Nasser of the United Arab Republic (Egypt and Syria). Bahá'ís are interrogated, arrested, fined and imprisoned and their property confiscated. [BBRSM174; MC228] See message from the Universal House of Justice to the Bahá'ís of Egypt dated 21 December 2006.
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • 3 August A.D. 1960 • A.M.	Cable from the Hands of the Cause of God announcing the expulsion as Covenant Breakers of John Carre, Barnard Fillon, Moneer Darakhshan, Joel Marangela, Jaques Soghomonian, Donald Harvey, John Byers and Mary Wilkin. [Ministry of the Custodians p223]
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • 18 / 27 October A.D. 1960 • A.M.	The fourth Conclave of the Hands of the Cause of God is convened at Bahjí. [MC229]
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • 2 November A.D. 1960 • A.M.	The Hands of the Cause issue a message from their fourth Conclave. [MC237–44] All the Hands of the Cause are henceforth to render their services on a global, rather than a regional, scale. [MC239]
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • 18 November A.D. 1960 • A.M.	Clara Dunn, Hand of the Cause of God, passes away in Sydney. (b.12 May 1869) [BW13:859; MC245] For her obituary see BW13:859–62. For cable from the Hands see MC245. See also SBR153–75. Shoghi Effendi had appointed her among the second contingent on the 29th of February, 1952. [MoCxxiii]
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • 20 November A.D. 1960 • A.M.	The cornerstone of the fifth House of Worship is laid in Langenhain, Germany, by Hand of the Cause of God Amelia Collins. [BW13:739; MC238, 245, 249–50] See also MC14–15, 236.
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • December A.D. 1960 • A.M.	Mr Yan Kee Leong of Malaysia takes the Bahá'í Faith to the remote Iban people of Brunei.
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • December A.D. 1960 • A.M.	Philip Suning, the first member of the Iban tribe to become a Bahá'í, enrols.
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • Late A.D. 1960 • A.M.	Eric Moyce and Gay Corker, both youth and the first two local people to become Bahá'ís in St Helena, enrol.
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • A.D. 1961 • A.M.	Knud Jensen (of mixed Danish, St Thomanian parentage), the first local person to become a Bahá'í in the Virgin Islands, enrols.
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • A.D. 1961 • A.M.	The military government in Indonesia issues instructions to local authorities to ban all Bahá'í activities and to confiscate all Bahá'í property. [MC329]
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • January / February A.D. 1961 • A.M.	Hand of the Cause of God Dr Rahmatu'lláh Muhájir travels to India and demonstrates the principle of mass teaching. [DM172–84; SBBH2:165–7] Mass teaching begins in the rural area of Madhya Pradesh among the Hindu population. In 1961 there are 850 Bahá'ís; in 1963 87,000; by 1973 nearly 400,000; and by 1987 about two million. In 1983 45 per cent of all local spiritual assemblies are in India. [BBRSM195; BW13:299]
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • 14 January A.D. 1961 • A.M.	The House of' Worship in Kampala, the Mother Temple of Africa, is dedicated by Hand of the Cause Rúhíyyih K̲h̲ánum in a service for Bahá'ís only. [BW13:713–14] For details of the service and a picture see BW13:714. [TG159] Enoch Olinga is not present because of the unrest in British Cameroons. [TG160]
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • 15 January A.D. 1961 • A.M.	The House of Worship in Kampala is officially opened by Hand of the Cause Rúhíyyih K̲h̲ánum in a public service attended by 1,500 people. [BW13:715–18; MC15] For message of the Custodians to the dedication service see MC2503. For cable of the Custodians to the Bahá'ís of the world see MC253.
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • 17 January A.D. 1961 • A.M.	Following the arrest of Bahá'ís in Turkey in March 1959 and the subsequent court case, the Turkish court receives the findings of three outstanding religious scholars that the Bahá'í Faith is an independent religion. [MC308] For details of the history of the case see MC306–8..
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• 117 B.E. • A.H. • 21 / 25 February A.D. 1961 • A.M.	The first Indian congress of Bolivia is held in Oruro, with Indians participating. [BW13:268]
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< 116 B.E. | 118 B.E. >

Most of the Gregorian Calendar dates, A.H. 1166 (A.D. 1753) to 153 B.E (A.D. 1996), are from the original book, A Basic Bahá'í Chronology. From 153 B.E (A.D. 1996) to present the Gregorian Calendar dates are from A Basic Bahá'í Chronology online. The Hebrew, Islamic and Bahá'í dates were calculated by the ABG staff and may be subject to error, despite the great care that was taken. When the Gregorian date is "In the year", "c. Mar 1797", etc., we list the nearest approximate Hebrew, Islamic and Bahá'í dates.

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