A Bahá'í Glossary
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Bahá'í Chronology - The Guradianship - 97 B.E. (A.D. 1940-1941)
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< 96 B.E. | 98 B.E. >
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[ 22 Articles ]
• 97 B.E.
• A.H.
• April A.D. 1940
• A.M.
The first local spiritual assembly of Argentina is established in Buenos Aires.
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• 97 B.E.
• A.H.
• 15 May A.D. 1940
• A.M.
Shoghi Effendi determines to go to England; Shoghi Effendi and Rúhíyyih K̲h̲ánum leave Haifa for Italy en route to London. [PP 178]
  • For the difficulties and dangers of this journey see PP178–80.
  • A few days after their arrival Rúhíyyih K̲h̲ánum travels to Genoa to meet her father, Sutherland Maxwell who had arrived on the S.S. Rex from Montreal. After the passing of his wife Mr. Maxwell had been invited by Shoghi Effendi to come and live in Haifa.[PP178]
__________ __________
• 97 B.E.
• A.H.
• 25 May A.D. 1940
• A.M.
Shoghi Effendi and Rúhíyyih K̲h̲ánum leave for England via Menton and Marseilles after having obtained a visa for Britain in Rome. A few days later the Italians enter the war against the Allies. [PP179]
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• 97 B.E.
• A.H.
• 2 June A.D. 1940
• A.M.
Shoghi Effendi and Rúhíyyih K̲h̲ánum leave St Malo, France, for England one day before the city is occupied by the Nazis. Shoghi Effendi seems acutely aware of the danger to himself and to the Faith should he fall into the hands of the Nazis because the Cause had already been banned in Germany and his inveterate enemy, the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, was allied with them. [PP 179–80]
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• 97 B.E.
• A.H.
• 30 June A.D. 1940
• A.M.
George Townshend preaches a sermon in St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin, proclaiming the Bahá'í Faith to the congregation. [GT171]
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• 97 B.E.
• A.H.
• July A.D. 1940
• A.M.
Gerrard Sluter, a German with Canadian citizenship and previously a pioneer in Guatemala, arrives in Colombia, the first Bahá'í to settle in the country.
  • He later becomes a Covenant-breaker and causes much difficulty to the Bahá'ís in many South American countries.
__________ __________
• 97 B.E.
• A.H.
• 28 July A.D. 1940
• A.M.
Shoghi Effendi, Rúhíyyih K̲h̲ánum and Sutherland Maxwell leave England for South Africa. [PP180]
  • This is the only route open back to Palestine, as Italy's entrance into the war has closed the Mediterranean to Allied ships. [PP180]
  • The trip across Africa takes them to Stanleyville, Congo; Juba in the Sudan; down the Nile to Khartoum and back to Palestine through Cairo. [PP180–1, TG159]
__________ __________
• 97 B.E.
• A.H.
• 1 August A.D. 1940
• A.M.
The first four people to become Bahá'ís in Costa Rica accept the Faith after Gayle Woolson and Amelia Ford from the United States arrive in Puerto Limón on 29 March 1940.
  • The first to enrol is Raul Contreras, followed by his cousin Guido Contreras, and by José Joaquin Ulloa and Felipe Madrigal.
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• 97 B.E.
• A.H.
• September A.D. 1940
• A.M.
William Sears, Hand of the Cause of God, becomes a Bahá'í in Salt Lake City, Utah.
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• 97 B.E.
• A.H.
• 20 October A.D. 1940
• A.M.
Ralph Laltoo, the first Trinidadian to become a Bahá'í, accepts the Faith in Halifax, Nova Scotia.
__________ __________
• 97 B.E.
• A.H.
• December A.D. 1940
• A.M.
Luis Carlo Nieto becomes the first Bahá'í in Colombia.
  • He soon leaves the Faith and Aura Sanchez, who becomes a Bahá'í in 1941, is considered the first Colombian believer.
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• 97 B.E.
• A.H.
• December A.D. 1940
• A.M.
Eduardo Gonzales, a university student, accepts the Faith, becoming the first native Bahá'í of Ecuador.
  • He is not formally registered until his twenty–first birthday on 15 October 1941.
__________ __________
• 97 B.E.
• A.H.
• December A.D. 1940
• A.M.
Gerald and Vivian MacBeans, a Jamaican couple, and their niece, Miss May Johnson, become the first people to accept the Faith in Haiti.
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• 97 B.E.
• A.H.
• 27 December A.D. 1940
• A.M.
Shoghi Effendi and Rúhíyyih K̲h̲ánum are back in Haifa. [PP181]
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• 97 B.E.
• A.H.
• 27 December A.D. 1940
• A.M.
Elizabeth Cheney, the ‘spiritual mother of Paraguay', arrives in Paraguay, the first pioneer to the country.
__________ __________
• 97 B.E.
• A.H.
• A.D. 1941
• A.M.
Shaykh Kázim is martyred in Bunáb, Ádharbáyján. [BW18:389]
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• 97 B.E.
• A.H.
• A.D. 1941
• A.M.
Aura Sanchez becomes a Bahá'í in Colombia, considered the first Bahá'í of the country.
__________ __________
• 97 B.E.
• A.H.
• A.D. 1941
• A.M.
John Ferraby, Hand of the Cause of God, hears about the Bahá'í Faith from Victor Cofman, a non-Bahá'í.
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• 97 B.E.
• A.H.
• A.D. 1941
• A.M.
The publication of The Epistle to the Son of the Wolf. [ESW]

A Tablet addressed to Shaykh Muḥammad-Taqiy-i-Najafi, a prominent Muslim cleric who had persecuted the Bahá'ís. It was revealed around 1891 at the Mansion of Bahjí and translated by Shoghi Effendi.

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• 97 B.E.
• A.H.
• A.D. 1941
• A.M.
'Abdu'l-Jalíl Bey Sa'ad translated The Dawn-Breakers into Arabic. His translation was published but because of the war it had to be referred to the Publicity Section of the government for approval. From that department it was passed to the high Muslim authorities who determined that it was against the Muslim faith and so should be condemned. The entire publication run was gathered for destruction and upon hearing this 'Abdu'l-Jalíl interviewed all the officers concerned and not only secured the release of the books but obtained official permissions to distribute them in Egypt and abroad. [BW-598-599]
__________ __________
• 97 B.E.
• A.H.
• January A.D. 1941
• A.M.
Nine Bahá'ís are arrested in Sangsar, Khurásán, Iran, and banished to other towns for closing their shops on Bahá'í holy days. BW18:389]
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• 97 B.E.
• A.H.
• 17 January A.D. 1941
• A.M.
John Henry Hyde Dunn, passes away in Sydney. [BW9:595; SBR166]
  • Shortly after his passing Shoghi Effendi appoints him to the rank of Hand of the Cause of God. (26 April, 1952) [MoCxxii]
  • For the story of his life see SBR153–68.
  • For his obituary see BW9:593–7.
 
[ABBC Online] [ABBC #]
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< 96 B.E. | 98 B.E. >
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Most of the Gregorian Calendar dates, A.H. 1166 (A.D. 1753) to 153 B.E (A.D. 1996), are from the original book, A Basic Bahá'í Chronology. From 153 B.E (A.D. 1996) to present the Gregorian Calendar dates are from A Basic Bahá'í Chronology online. The Hebrew, Islamic and Bahá'í dates were calculated by the ABG staff and may be subject to error, despite the great care that was taken. When the Gregorian date is "In the year", "c. Mar 1797", etc., we list the nearest approximate Hebrew, Islamic and Bahá'í dates.
 
Notes:
  • The dates in the left column do not always match the dates in the text. This is due to the plethora of calculations and calculators available. We use the calendar conversions from Calendar Home - Convert a date.
  • Continuous time periods, e.g., Monday thru Friday or June thru August, are annotated as Monday / Friday and June / August rather than Monday-Friday and June-August in all four calendars. This is to avoid confusion with Islamic days and months which contain a hyphen (or dash), e.g. Yawm ath-Thulatha', Jumadá al-akhirah.
  • Date Format = Day of the Week Name, Day of the Month Number, Month Name, Year Number -
  • c. = circa - meaning: "Around, round about, about. The prep. is often used in Eng. with dates, as circa 1400 (c 1400)." (Oxford English Dictionary)
  • Items with a greenish background are publications 
[ABG]
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© 156 - 181 B.E. (A.H. 1419 - 1445; A.D. 1999 - 2024; A.M. 5759 - 5784)
A Bahá'í Glossary
 
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