A Bahá'í Glossary - Bahá'í Chronology

Bahá'í Chronology - The Ministry of 'Abdu'l-Bahá - 75 B.E. (A.D. 1918-1919)

	[ 7 Articles ]
• 75 B.E. • A.H. • 18 September A.D. 1918 • A.M.	Allenby begins his last offensive against Haifa. [BBR335]
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• 75 B.E. • A.H. • 23 September A.D. 1918 • A.M.	The British army takes Haifa. [BBR335; DH148, Scroll In 68095] For details of the battle see BBR335-6. For letters from the British authorities stating that `Abdu'l-Bahá is safe see BBR336-7.
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• 75 B.E. • A.H. • 23 September A.D. 1918 • A.M.	The 1st Battle of Haifa: The battle was won due to a courageous uphill assault by the Jodhpur Lancers of the Indian Army which took the German and Turkish artillery and machine gun emplacements on top of Mount Carmel by surprise. This attack is believed to have been one of the last cavalry charge in modern military history. Each year, on this date, the Indian Army commemorates this victory as Haifa Day. "During the early years of World War I, though no longer imprisoned, ‘Abdu'l-Baha faced repeated threats against His life by authorities that were antagonistic toward Him and the Baha'is. The Commander of the Ottoman fourth army corps had even threatened to crucify ‘Abdu'l-Baha if the Turkish army were ever to be displaced out of Haifa." Lady Blomfield in London had learned of this threat and through her contacts in Cabinet the British Army were instructed to protect Him and His family. [BWNS69, BWNS1202]
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• 75 B.E. • A.H. • 23 December A.D. 1918 • A.M.	Ahmad Sohrab leaves the Holy Land to take the Tablets of the Divine Pan to America. [AB434]
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• 75 B.E. • A.H. • In the year A.D. 1919 • A.M.	Amelia Collins, Hand of the Cause, becomes a Bahá'í in Pasadena, California. [PSBW74]
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• 75 B.E. • A.H. • A.D. 1919 • A.M.	Ibrahim Kheiralla dies, having been abandoned by all of his followers. [CB252]
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• 75 B.E. • A.H. • A.D. 1919 • A.M.	The first Norwegian to accept the Faith, Johanna Christensen-Schubarth, `the mother of the Norwegian Bahá'í Community', becomes a Bahá'í in the United States. [BW12:694-6].
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< 74 B.E. | 76 B.E. >

Most of the Gregorian Calendar dates, A.H. 1166 (A.D. 1753) to 153 B.E (A.D. 1996), are from the original book, A Basic Bahá'í Chronology. From 153 B.E (A.D. 1996) to present the Gregorian Calendar dates are from A Basic Bahá'í Chronology online. The Hebrew, Islamic and Bahá'í dates were calculated by the ABG staff and may be subject to error, despite the great care that was taken. When the Gregorian date is "In the year", "c. Mar 1797", etc., we list the nearest approximate Hebrew, Islamic and Bahá'í dates.

Notes:

The dates in the left column do not always match the dates in the text. This is due to the plethora of calculations and calculators available. We use the calendar conversions from Calendar Home - Convert a date.
Continuous time periods, e.g., Monday thru Friday or June thru August, are annotated as Monday / Friday and June / August rather than Monday-Friday and June-August in all four calendars. This is to avoid confusion with Islamic days and months which contain a hyphen (or dash), e.g. Yawm ath-Thulatha', Jumadá al-akhirah.
Date Format = Day of the Week Name, Day of the Month Number, Month Name, Year Number -

B.E. = Bahá'í Era - Badí / Bahá'í Calendar - Conversion from spreadsheet created by the webmaster - Download Spreadsheet
A.H. = Anno Hejirea - Latin: "In the year of the Hijra" - Muslim / Islamic Calendar.
A.D. = Anno Domini - Latin: "In the year of our Lord" - Christian / Julian Calendar.
A.M. = Anno Mundi - Latin: "In the year of the world"; Hebrew: "To the creation of the world" - Hebrew Calendar.

c. = circa - meaning: "Around, round about, about. The prep. is often used in Eng. with dates, as circa 1400 (c 1400)." (Oxford English Dictionary)
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