A Bahá'í Glossary - Bahá'í Chronology

Bahá'í Chronology - The Ministry of Bahá'u'lláh - 39 B.E. (A.D. 1882-1883)

	[ 5 Articles ]
• 39 B.E. • A.H. • 11 July A.D. 1882 • A.M.	The British navy bombarded Alexandria, beginning or provoking fires that destroyed the city and forced a mass exodus of its population to the interior. In August-September the British invaded the country, restored Khedive Tawfiq to his throne, arrested 'Urabi, the Muslim modernist Muḥammad 'Abduh, and other constitutionalists, and imposed a "veiled protectorate" on the country that differed only in name from direct colonial rule. The official British sources attempted to suggest that they had saved Egypt from a military junta allied to Islamic fanaticism, but more impartial observers have characterized the British invasion as the quashing of a grassroots democratic movement by an imperial power in the service of the European bond market. [BFA15, Wilmette Institute faculty notes]
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• Istiqlál 8 `Izzat 39 B.E. • Yawm al-Jum'ah 2 Dhū al-Qa'dah A.H. 1299 • Friday 15 September A.D. 1882 • Yom Shishi 2 Tishri A.M. 5643	The passing of K̲h̲adíjih-Bagum, the wife of the Báb, in S̲h̲íráz in the house of her Husband. [BBD127; EB235; KB35] Within two hours of her passing her faithful servitor, an Ethiopian slave named Fiddhih, someone who had been a member of the household since the age of seven, passed away as well. Both were interred within the Shrine of S̲h̲áh-C̲h̲irág̲h̲. [BK35]
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• 39 B.E. • A.H. • A.D. 1882 - 1883 • A.M.	The Ṭihrán Upheaval. A number of leading members of the Ṭihrán Bahá'í community are arrested and subsequently condemned to death. Some are confined for a period of 19 months in severe circumstances but the death sentences are not carried out. [BBR292–5; BW18:383] This is occasioned by the release of Bahá'u'lláh from strict confinement and the subsequent increase in the number of pilgrims from Iran causing an upsurge of Bahá'í activities, particularly in Ṭihrán. [BBR292–5]
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• 39 B.E. • A.H. • A.D. 1883 • A.M.	Six Bahá'ís are arrested in Yazd and sent to Isfahán in chains. BW18:383] Four Bahá'ís are arrested in Sarvistán, Fárs, and sent to S̲h̲íráz where they are bastinadoed. [BW18:383]
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• 39 B.E. • A.H. • 19 March A.D. 1883 • A.M.	Sixteen Bahá'í traders of the bazaar are arrested in Ras̲h̲t; three others are brought from Láhíján. [BW18:383]
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< 38 B.E. | 40 B.E. >

Most of the Gregorian Calendar dates, A.H. 1166 (A.D. 1753) to 153 B.E (A.D. 1996), are from the original book, A Basic Bahá'í Chronology. From 153 B.E (A.D. 1996) to present the Gregorian Calendar dates are from A Basic Bahá'í Chronology online. The Hebrew, Islamic and Bahá'í dates were calculated by the ABG staff and may be subject to error, despite the great care that was taken. When the Gregorian date is "In the year", "c. Mar 1797", etc., we list the nearest approximate Hebrew, Islamic and Bahá'í dates.

Notes:

The dates in the left column do not always match the dates in the text. This is due to the plethora of calculations and calculators available. We use the calendar conversions from Calendar Home - Convert a date.
Continuous time periods, e.g., Monday thru Friday or June thru August, are annotated as Monday / Friday and June / August rather than Monday-Friday and June-August in all four calendars. This is to avoid confusion with Islamic days and months which contain a hyphen (or dash), e.g. Yawm ath-Thulatha', Jumadá al-akhirah.
Date Format = Day of the Week Name, Day of the Month Number, Month Name, Year Number -

B.E. = Bahá'í Era - Badí / Bahá'í Calendar - Conversion from spreadsheet created by the webmaster - Download Spreadsheet
A.H. = Anno Hejirea - Latin: "In the year of the Hijra" - Muslim / Islamic Calendar.
A.D. = Anno Domini - Latin: "In the year of our Lord" - Christian / Julian Calendar.
A.M. = Anno Mundi - Latin: "In the year of the world"; Hebrew: "To the creation of the world" - Hebrew Calendar.

c. = circa - meaning: "Around, round about, about. The prep. is often used in Eng. with dates, as circa 1400 (c 1400)." (Oxford English Dictionary)
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